Special care for newborns (1) Eye Care If you accidentally put a bath or soapy water into your baby's eyes, perform an eye wash. Prepare objects: Put a small neck teapot in the nursing basket, fill with a proper amount of warm boiled water, disinfect a swab of cotton swabs, collect a small dish of contaminants, and then apply a water-based washbasin to one of the 0.25% chloramphenicol eye drops. Steps: need two people to cooperate, one person will hold the baby well, such as washing the left eye, the baby's head is biased to the left, the top of the head to place the basin, the right hand to separate the baby's left and right eyelids, the other will be small neck pot When the mouth is about 1-2 cm from the baby's head, tilt the jug slightly so that the water is gently buffered in the baby's eyes. Pay attention not to enter the ear canal when rushing, the water temperature can't be too high, the water pressure when rinsing can't be too big, so as not to damage baby's eye tissue. Rinse with a sterile cotton swab to clean the eye water stains. Need to flush the contralateral eyes as if necessary, flush each eye with 0.25 drops of chloramphenicol eye drops 1-2 drops. Newborns such as suffering from keratitis, you need to point the eye drops. Prepare objects: put a bag of sterile cotton swabs in the nursing basket, a small towel, an eye-dropping pill, or a 0.24% chloramphenicol, or a dirt dish. Steps: The operator first wash hands, put a small towel on the outside of the affected eye, with the left thumb, index finger gently separate the baby's upper and lower eyelids, right hand holding the bottle to 2 cm away from the eye when dropping drops of 1 to 2 drops Open hands and wipe the eyelid liquid with a sterile swab. If the eyes become inflamed, the affected eye should be lighter. Note that the vials should be carefully observed against the light before use and that any floc or liquid turbidity is not available. Dispose of the liquid in a refrigerator. If rifampicin is used, it should not be used after 24 hours of bottle opening. Do not allow liquids to flow into the ipsilateral ear canal when it is dispensed. (2) Nasal care: Newborn infants have soft, blood-filled nasal mucosa, and are prone to congestion and edema when they experience mild irritation, making the narrower nasal cavity more narrow and causing poor breathing and irritability. In addition, nasal secretions are also an important cause of neonatal nasal obstruction. Preparations: Disposable cotton swabs in the nursing basket, a bowl of clear water Steps: When cleaning up nasal secretions, do not use forceps to clamp out forcefully, first soften the nose, use a cotton swab to dip into the nasal cavity with a water drop of 1-2 drops, or use breast milk, milk dripping can, by 1 ~ 2 minutes until the nose is softened and then use a dry cotton stick to pull it out, or use soft material to stimulate the nasal mucosa caused by sneezing, nasal secretions can be ruled out, so that the newborn nasal cavity unobstructed. (3) Ear Care: Full-term newborn ear shell has been fully formed, but the external auditory canal is relatively narrow. Once the sewage flows deep into the ear canal, it can easily cause inflammation. Severe cases can cause swelling of the external auditory canal. Because the newborn's bones are not fully developed, the external auditory canal is almost a gap. After the inflammation occurs, the nerves are compressed and stimulated. Therefore, the pain is more severe. The newborn is often crying and uneasy, and it is difficult to sleep at night. All are invalid. In short, if the newborn is often crying, inflammation of the external auditory canal is also one of the reasons. Therefore, when washing your baby's hair, bathing, or eye drops for newborns, be sure not to let the sewage or liquid medicine flow deep into the ear canal. In the event of inflammation of the external auditory canal, they should go to the hospital for medical treatment promptly, take medication on time, drop medicine, local heat, as long as the treatment is appropriate, the disease is good after healing. Prepare the contents: Put the required medicine in the nursing basket, disinfect the cotton swabs 1 packet, a small dish containing dirt, 3% hydrogen peroxide or a bottle of normal saline. Steps: After the operator wash hands, place the newborn on the side with the ear facing upwards, wipe the ear canal secretions with a sterile cotton swab, wash the external auditory canal with saline or 3% hydrogen peroxide, pull the ear shell with your left hand, and drop with your right hand. The bottle or dropper drops the medicine into the back wall of the ear canal by 3 to 5 drops and gently presses the tragus to make the liquid slowly flow into the ear along the wall of the ear canal. The baby is kept in place for about 5 minutes. Note that the temperature of the ear drops should be close to body temperature, (37.7 °C is appropriate), so as to avoid irritating the labyrinth nerve caused by adverse reactions such as dizziness, nausea and dizziness, pay attention to drip while pulling the ear shell backward pull, so that the outer ear canal into a vertical direction, so that medicine The fluid smoothly enters the deep part of the external auditory canal. (4) Oral care: Normal newborns do not need to do oral care, just wipe the mouth after the milk, mouth, submandibular milk stains, keep the skin and mucous membranes clean and fresh. Oral care is needed if you have stomatitis or other oral diseases. Prepare objects: Put a treatment bowl in the nursing basket, put 6 big cotton balls soaked in saline, disinfect liquid paraffin oil 1 bottle, or boiled edible vegetable oil, 1 small pot, 1 stick of cotton swab One small teapot (with warm water inside) and two small towels. Steps: Before oral care, wash hands, place the newborn on the side, and wrap the towel around the arm and pillow to prevent wet clothing and pillows. Use a pair of tweezers to hold a piece of salted cotton ball. Rub the inside of the cheeks and the outside of the gums first, then rub the inner surface of the gums and the tongue, and wipe at least one cotton ball for each area. Be careful not to touch the pharynx to avoid nausea. Wipe the face and corner of the mouth with a towel after scrubbing. Dry the lips with paraffin oil or edible vegetable oil. Apply as needed. Pay attention to the items used for oral care must be clean, can be used after disinfection. The solution taken from the cotton ball should not be too much, to prevent the baby from inhaling the solution into the respiratory tract, the action should be light when the operation, the cotton ball should be clamped to prevent the cotton ball from falling to the back of the mouth, blocking the throat and causing suffocation. In addition, in the previous article, the mouth of a newborn infant was referred to as "horse tooth". What happened to "horse tooth"? When the fetus was 6 weeks old, the original tissue of the tooth was formed, called the dental plate, and the tooth germ was formed on the dental plate. After the tooth germ was removed from the dental plate, the tooth was grown and the broken tooth plate was absorbed and disappeared. Sometimes these broken off teeth form some epithelial cell clusters, the central keratinized into epithelial beads, some epithelial beads remain in the jaw for a long time, and some are excreted on the gums of the gums, namely "horse teeth", horse teeth Generally, there is no discomfort, and individual babies may appear to shake their heads, irritability, nipples, or even antifeedants. This is caused by localized itching, swelling, and other uncomfortable feelings. Generally, no treatment is required. With the growth and development of teeth, "Tooth" is absorbed or falls off automatically. "Ma teeth" should not use non-sterile items to deal with, once a grandmother to see grandchildren grow a "horse teeth", wipe with water to wipe, the results of oral erosion caused by erosion, high fever does not retreat, after the hospital rescue only turned dangerous The mothers must not repeat the same mistakes, especially to convince the elderly at home to treat the "horse teeth" correctly. 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Special care for newborns