Five new ideas for smart infrastructure in the new era of logistics industry

Source: billion euros

Over the past year or so, new conceptual changes in infrastructure have begun to be gradually recognized by the society. Alibaba, Tencent, and JD.com have also begun to provide commercial infrastructure operation services. The current revolutionary changes in infrastructure are driving a comprehensive restructuring of the economy and society, and new theoretical thinking is needed. Today, Xiao Bian talks about how Internet and logistics become infrastructure, talk about the intelligent infrastructure system and essence, and propose new ideas for the operation of infrastructure operators for the reference of netizens.

I. Internet + Logistics: New Changes in Infrastructure

With regard to the concept of infrastructure, we used to define it as: a material engineering facility that provides public services for social production and residents' lives, and is a public service system used to ensure the normal social and economic activities of a country or region. It is the general material condition for the survival and development of society and the basis for the development of various undertakings in the national economy.

Infrastructure is the underlying support system of modern economic society, and the modern socio-economic system is built on infrastructure. The traditional concept of infrastructure often refers to pure hardware facilities, such as water, railway, highway, water transport, aviation, pipelines, power grids and other physical engineering facilities. However, with the rapid development of information technology such as the Internet, Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence, blockchain, etc., the infrastructure has begun to combine soft and hard, virtual and real, and has developed into an intelligent and networked direction, further promoting the Internet. And logistics has become the foundation of the new era of economic society, and has become a new infrastructure.

1. How does the Internet become an infrastructure?

Regarding the evolution of the Internet, I think there are several stages:

The first is the information Internet stage: At this time, the Internet is only a means of information transmission technology, mainly used for information exchange and communication. At this time, the Internet is mainly characterized by information portals and information retrieval services. The Internet used by enterprises is “+Internet”, which uses the Internet as a technical means and uses the information Internet as a communication tool. The company built the website to use the Internet for brand promotion and information display. The Internet is still floating in the sky of the virtual world, and there is no landing.

The second is the stage of selling the Internet: At this stage, the information Internet began to enter the field of business information communication, and the integration of Internet technology and business information realized the function of business information communication and transaction negotiation, promoted the development of online shopping, and brought e-commerce for trade circulation. Revolution; this stage is also known as the development stage of e-commerce.

The third is the logistics Internet stage: the order for online sales is inseparable from the physical handover, and the completion of e-commerce transactions needs to enter the physical world to complete physical transactions through logistics. The Internet of Things technology has promoted the virtual and real integration of the Internet and the logistics network, and promoted the development of the logistics Internet. The logistics industry entered the development stage of “Internet + Logistics”;

The fourth is the industrial Internet stage: the boundary of the Internet extends downstream through the logistics Internet, connecting stores, supermarkets, and communities, promoting the integration of online and offline sales, and the emergence of new retail changes; the Internet boundary extends to the upstream manufacturing industry, and manufacturing occurs. Internet changes, promote new manufacturing development, promote the global intelligent manufacturing revolution; the Internet extends to the financial sector, forms a financial Internet, and promotes new financial changes;

At this time, the Internet has begun to fall from the sky of the virtual world, connecting all things in the physical world, enabling the physical world to realize the network era of virtual and real integration and interconnection. The Internet naturally falls to the ground and becomes the operating system of the bottom of the economy and society. The foundational support of the economic society in the new era has become a new infrastructure, which has promoted the reconstruction of enterprises, society and industries on new infrastructure, and has brought us into an era of unprecedented change.

It should be pointed out that the essential feature of the new infrastructure is the Internet, but the Internet is not the whole of the new infrastructure. It integrates the technologies of the Internet, Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data, blockchain, mobile Internet, etc. The Information Physics System (CPS) is the true new infrastructure in the era of smart economy.

2. How does logistics become an infrastructure?

Modern logistics is a complex industry with mobile characteristics, connected to the manufacturing industry and connected to consumers. With the continuous evolution of information technology development, the logistics concept has brought about the transformation of modern logistics and promoted smart logistics step by step to become a new infrastructure.

In the era of information failure, there is no modern logistics concept, only the logistics function of the split. The first change in modern logistics brought about by informatization is the introduction of system thinking. In the 1930s, with the development of information technology and the improvement of communication means, we were able to communicate and exchange information, and to take into account the overall planning of logistics functions, system planning and planning control. Modern logistics concept, this is the first major change in modern logistics.

Since the 1980s, with the development of information technology and advances in science and technology, information on activities related to sports and storage of raw materials, work-in-progress, and manufactured goods from supply to consumption can be more conveniently communicated through many means. , integrated operations. It enables enterprises to efficiently and economically plan, execute and control the activities of various functional aspects of logistics operations on the basis of researching customer demand information, so that modern logistics enters the era of integrated logistics.

In recent years, with the transformation and development of Internet information technology, the popularization and application of Internet of Things technology, the integration of logistics and Internet has installed a smart brain in the logistics system, and promoted the transformation of smart logistics. Smart Logistics has realized all process digitization and all digital process. It is more convenient to communicate, network, calculate, optimize and manage the logistics system. It realizes the integration of information flow, capital flow and business flow in the logistics process. Operations. Through the expansion and extension of the border of the intelligent logistics network, the agriculture, manufacturing, and trade circulation industries are fully interconnected and integrated. Smart logistics has become the basic support of the economic and social system and has become the infrastructure of the new era.

At present, the information Internet and the intelligent logistics network all have certain public attributes, which have become an important foundation for the national economy and social development. They have the universal attributes of systems, networks and links, and have become the underlying system of national economic and social development and have become new. Infrastructure. This is also the important reason why the Party Central Committee has included the information network and logistics network into the infrastructure category for the first time in the 19th National Congress report on infrastructure.

Second, the structure and nature of the new infrastructure

Traditional infrastructure is generally static, physical, and information-separated. When the Internet and the logistics network became the new infrastructure, the Internet connected the traditional infrastructure and allowed the information to flow. And the logistics connected the physical products, and the product flow and information merged and flowed. .

The new infrastructure has new attributes of liquidity, digitization, service and interconnection. It is based on the traditional infrastructure of transportation and warehousing, with “Internet + Internet of Things” as the carrier and “Information Network + Logistics”. "Net" is the support of basic services, forming the underlying operating system of the economy and society, with intelligent attributes.

1. New infrastructure

The new infrastructure is the infrastructure concept of the intelligent era. It is the first time to integrate the information network into the infrastructure category, and it forms an infrastructure service system that is integrated with each other, interconnected, and intelligently upgraded. The characteristics of the new infrastructure are summarized as follows: a hard, a soft, a network, a platform.

A hard: refers to the traditional railway, highway, water transport, aviation, pipeline, warehousing and other physical engineering facilities and physical logistics systems; are composed of physical hardware, is the new infrastructure hardware;

A soft: refers to the virtual information flow system characterized by the digitization of logistics information, capital flow information, and business flow information, with modeling, coding, instrumentation, and intelligent software processing; Composed of a digital imaginary body, it is the software part of the new infrastructure, representing the thinking of the new infrastructure and the brain of the new infrastructure.

One network: refers to the infrastructure hardware system of the linked entity and the virtualized infrastructure software system. It is an important basis for realizing the interconnection and interoperability of the infrastructure. It is the channel that supports the flow of data and goods, and is the neural network of the infrastructure. Its carrier is the Internet + Internet of Things.

A platform: refers to the shared service platform of the new infrastructure. The platform is a highly integrated, open and shared data service platform, and is integrated with the logistics entity network. It is a highly integrated intelligent logistics service platform. The platform spans the real world, cross-system, and cross-domain, and belongs to the “facilities” part of the new infrastructure.

2. The essential characteristics of the new infrastructure

The essential characteristics of the new infrastructure I think is the connection, the connection of information and the connection of logistics.

Connecting manufacturers, suppliers, vendors and consumers will definitely promote the comprehensive reorganization of the enterprise supply chain system, promote the establishment of an efficient and synergistic new supply chain, and bring about numerous disruptive business model innovations;

Connecting information flow, product flow, capital flow, and logistics system will reconstruct the operation mode of information flow, product flow, capital flow, and logistics, and reconstruct a new value chain and competitive landscape.

Connecting the internal market, manufacturing, sales, management, technology and service organization departments, will promote the restructuring of corporate organization and rebuild the new organizational form;

The connection spans the boundaries of various industries, allowing different industries to integrate across borders, rebuilding the ecosystem of industrial value chains, and promoting numerous disruptive cross-border innovations;

Connecting the virtual world will produce wisdom (currently the most important advances in artificial intelligence are in connectionism, connections can generate intelligence), allowing traditional physical systems to have information perception, analysis, decision making, operations, learning, promotion, and automatic execution. Function, let the physical world have the awakening of life, the evolution of the physical world into the era of wisdom, software redefines the logistics system.

The new infrastructure is the transformation brought about by the deepening of the connection. By linking the traditional infrastructure through the Internet and connecting the basic services of information, logistics and finance in the economy and society, it has formed a new support platform for providing economic and social basic services. : Smart Infrastructure Service Platform.

Third, the new thinking of infrastructure operation

With the transformation of the concept of infrastructure, the new thinking of infrastructure operation, and the re-architecting of economic and social systems on the new infrastructure platform will bring about economic and social reconstruction, bringing about many subversive innovations in the era of wisdom. Bringing a comprehensive change in the new operational thinking of infrastructure operators.

The operation of infrastructure is a problem that I have considered for a long time. In the past few years, in view of the rapid development of China's traditional infrastructure construction, considering the infrastructure's pulling of the local economy, I have proposed the concept of infrastructure operators, thinking that infrastructure operation is the post-market of infrastructure, and the space is huge. The business opportunities are huge.

Five years ago, after researching a certain expressway group, a large number of expressway constructions in the area proposed by the expressway group were nearing completion. The company already has rich experience and construction capacity for expressway construction, but with the construction of local expressways in the future. In addition to the reduction of projects and the direction of enterprise development, I propose that in addition to going out and participating in the infrastructure construction of the global market, enterprises have the best strategy, that is, transformation into: infrastructure operators.

In the physical network world, our infrastructure builders generally lack the concept of infrastructure operation, build a large amount of infrastructure, and drive the rapid growth of China's economy. However, due to the lack of infrastructure operators' thinking, they do not understand the operation of infrastructure. However, it is difficult to operate with a golden rice bowl. Such as: Recently, China’s total iron debt is high, its operating efficiency is poor, will it become a hot talk for the gray rhinoceros and so on.

In the virtual network field, the companies that know the most basic infrastructure operations are Ali Group and Jingdong Group. Although the two companies have different expressions, they seem to be the commercial infrastructure operators in Xiaobian. Great success in commercial infrastructure operations can provide a lot of new thinking for offline infrastructure operations.

The new infrastructure concept is a smart infrastructure that combines virtual and real. Based on the architecture and essential characteristics of the new infrastructure, I believe that there are several new types of thinking in infrastructure operations.

1. Borderless thinking:

The traditional infrastructure is static, the physical hardware infrastructure, and the new infrastructure is a virtual infrastructure that is integrated and interconnected. The new infrastructure breaks the boundaries of the traditional economic society. Re-architecting the corporate ecology and industrial structure on the borderless infrastructure must have unbounded thinking. Never be bound by traditional corporate boundaries or industry boundaries. At present, all kinds of cross-border subversive innovations have this feature. The wool is on the dog, and it is reasonable for the pig to pay the bill.

For example, in the field of smart logistics, the infrastructure characteristics of logistics interconnection can be utilized to reconstruct the supply chain network of circulation enterprises, and to earn profits by reducing circulation costs and supply chain inventory costs, instead of merely reducing logistics cost.

For example, Ali is constantly cross-border through the positioning of commercial infrastructure operators through e-commerce platforms. Such as: through the Alipay system cross-border into the financial payment field; use the commercial infrastructure of big data to carry out risk control, enter the online financial services such as small loans; fill the commercial infrastructure short-term cross-border into the logistics field; through the commercial infrastructure to Traditional stores, cross-border to offline sales; in the future will also extend upstream through commercial infrastructure, cross-border into new manufacturing areas. and many more. The development of Jingdong Group also follows the same expansion logic as Ali. They all have a new unbounded mindset of infrastructure.

It is worth noting that there are many fights, and there are many negative comments when the fight has just risen. Many people are not optimistic about the fight. But I think that if you put a lot of fakes, you will have a new thinking of commercial infrastructure operators, start to aggregate traffic from the connected consumers of social nodes, create sales scenarios, and then use the characteristics of new infrastructure interconnection to extend upstream. By consolidating the factory and realizing C2B, we can fully tap China's largest manufacturing capacity, and let many manufacturing companies that have developed large manufacturing capabilities through exporting overseas markets directly link with community consumers without creating a brand. Consumers can get affordable products, and companies can save a lot of money to build brands. This idea can also be used to fight logistics to improve the shortcomings of a multi-commercial infrastructure.

2, node entrance thinking

The new infrastructure is a soft, hard, one-network, one-platform platform with characteristics of flow attributes, network attributes, and digital attributes. The network nodes of information flow and logistics are often the key points of the new infrastructure and the traffic of the infrastructure. Ingress or traffic nodes are the catchers of new infrastructure operations. Therefore, infrastructure node thinking can be called portal thinking, and it is also an important thinking of Internet operations.

First of all, the website platform is a highly integrated, open and shared infrastructure traffic portal. It is a node that integrates the physical logistics network, the virtual business flow network, and the financial payment network. Therefore, both Ali and JD are infrastructures from the traffic portal of the e-commerce platform. Operational.

The business of the US Mission feels like everything is going to be done. There is no border. In fact, the core competitiveness of the US Mission is to connect consumers through real-time logistics and control the end nodes of local life services. The node first transfers to the catering distribution and stores. The extension of new retail end-end distribution and other areas will open up the boundaries of local living services; in the future, it may extend upstream along the supply chain through connected food stores, convenience stores, etc., integrating the catering supply chain, retail supply chain and so on.

Connecting the local consumers through the end is the core competence of the Meituan Group. The new infrastructure of Internet + Logistics gives the US Mission an advantage to extend the expansion of local life services. It also gives it the extension and integration of the local life service nodes to the upstream of the supply chain. Opportunity. It is his grasp to do a good job of linking local consumers. The acquisition of Mobike bicycles and the development of local network car services are strengthening his core competencies, in order to better link local consumers and carry out local life infrastructure services. .

At present, the new retail of Ali and JD.com starts with offline retail stores and sales scenarios, extending the company's commercial infrastructure services. According to the new concept of infrastructure operation, there may be countless new models for new retail. JD.com simply defines it as unbounded retail, while Ali Group emphasizes that new retail is a data-driven pan-retail format. In fact, the so-called “new” of new retail is reflected in the new thinking of infrastructure, the reconstruction of new business and new formats on the new infrastructure, and the driving of various retail innovations, not just the Internet, big data, cloud computing, Artificial intelligence and new logistics are used as technical means to improve the level of retail services.

New retail is a typical new thinking of infrastructure operation. Its essence is to use the offline store as the node of the traffic entrance and reconstruct the new offline new business format based on the new commercial infrastructure. At present, the new retail operations are relatively successful, such as Box Fresh, 7FRESH, Super Species, and Multi-Point, which are all new commercial formats reconstructed on the new commercial infrastructure.

It is by no means a superficial model of learning from the box. It is a new retail that is based on the integration of cats and tigers. Just using the Internet as a technical means, without the foundation of a new commercial infrastructure, the new retail is a castle in the air.

3, intelligent evolutionary thinking

The new infrastructure is a smart infrastructure that combines virtual and real. The connection will generate wisdom and wisdom will promote economic and social change and evolution. Into the era of wisdom, what is the main line of evolution in the future? It is a question that needs to be considered by every enterprise.

Entering the era of smart infrastructure, the new infrastructure will also reconstruct and redefine enterprises, industries, economies, and society. The evolution of wisdom will become the main direction for the future evolution of enterprises, industries, economies, and society. The "software" will be re-established. Define business, industry, economy, and society.

Smart evolution is the main, redefining logistics, which is software-defined logistics. The future logistics system will combine virtual and real, data-driven, software optimization and control, and the logistics system will run on the intelligent brain software system.

Smart evolution is the mainstay, redefining retail, there will be retail brain-driven retail supply chain, transforming the industry value chain, promoting efficient and synergistic innovation in the supply chain, and the emergence of smart retail revolution.

4, open sharing thinking

The infrastructure provides the support of the basic services, and the basic services are the underlying services, which are universal. The new infrastructure of interconnection and interoperability naturally shares the shared genes, and shared thinking is an important thinking in the operation of new infrastructure.

Taking logistics services as an example, the rapid rise of the fight will make full use of and share the express logistics service of the three links. Without the express infrastructure service capabilities that Ali Systems has integrated and promoted for many years, the rise of the fight will be much slower. Although there is a lot of competition between Jingdong and Jingdong and Taobao, many of them are shared in the logistics infrastructure service network.

The rapid development of new retail also requires real-time delivery services. In addition to cultivating instant delivery capabilities, many new retail companies are also sharing instant delivery services such as Meituan, Hungry, etc.

In the past, traditional enterprises have border thinking. Manufacturing logistics resources, commercial chain logistics resources and third-party logistics distribution resources are difficult to share. Re-architecting service formats on the basis of new infrastructure can break the traditional boundary and realize manufacturing and circulation. Logistics enterprises share the innovation and development of logistics resources;

At present, Ali and Tencent have fully recognized the characteristics of infrastructure sharing services, and have used this feature to continuously extend their smart business infrastructure services, continuously integrate offline retail enterprises, and share their commercial infrastructure.

5. Reconstruct ecological thinking

The fundamental feature of the revolutionary transformation of infrastructure is interconnectedness, interconnectedness breaks the traditional boundaries, and connections will emerge with intelligence, bringing a fully integrated intelligent infrastructure.

The intelligent infrastructure provides basic services and is the basic support of all social forms. Enterprises, industries, society and economy are built on infrastructure. Now the infrastructure has changed, and enterprises, industries, society and economy are needed. Refactoring on the new infrastructure.

Reconstructing the enterprise ecology on the new infrastructure must recognize the interconnected nature of the new infrastructure, and have unbounded thinking, not to be influenced by the boundaries of traditional enterprises, to open up the brain, and to be fully innovative; To analyze the core competence of the enterprise, borderless does not mean that the enterprise can do anything. Reconstructing the enterprise ecology on the new infrastructure depends on the core competitiveness of the enterprise. The ability of the enterprise limits the boundary of the enterprise to reconstruct the ecosystem on the new infrastructure.

For example, when the electronic information of the express delivery information system is standardized, one can connect to each express outlet, and the franchise organization innovation established on the basis of this infrastructure is a kind of enterprise organization reconstructed on the new infrastructure. Form, this organizational innovation has greatly reduced the management cost of the express delivery enterprise organization system, and laid the foundation for the ultra-high-speed development and network expansion of China's express delivery industry, which has world significance.

For example, Rookie Logistics does not do specific logistics services, but also provides a logistics brain technology platform, integrates logistics resources, provides logistics information infrastructure services, and builds a smart logistics backbone network through data-driven logistics systems. Logistics service system.

In particular, China's smart manufacturing is essentially rebuilding manufacturing on the basis of new infrastructure. The underlying operating system is the information physics system, which creates the industrial Internet and provides information and logistics on the information physics system infrastructure. Infrastructure service support.

Reconstructing the intelligent manufacturing industry on the new infrastructure, starting from the inside of the enterprise, first realize the vertical integration, horizontal integration, end-to-end integration within the enterprise, build smart factories, realize intelligent production, and then interconnect through new infrastructure. Features, connecting logistics and information flow, connecting suppliers and customers, creating an intelligent and intelligent supply chain, fully extending the intelligent service of the enterprise, realizing the post-market service of product technology from pre-sales, sales to after-sales, providing customers with full life. The cycle of intelligent manufacturing services, promote manufacturing services, and create a manufacturing service Internet. The manufacturing ecosystem reconstructed on the new infrastructure is also unbounded, serviced, interconnected, two-way driven, and data-enabled.

Intelligent manufacturing from the consumer side is C2M, according to the characteristics of the market demand to achieve on-demand manufacturing, to promote personalized mass customization services is currently a hot spot; but Xiaobian believes that from the design and manufacturing-driven M2C, in the new infrastructure support There is more to do. According to the company's latest technology, we can design and plan conceptual products that far exceed consumer expectations, connect consumers directly with new infrastructure, interact with consumers, display new products, and create new demands. This is Apple's Jobs. Mode of operation. Meeting the needs of consumers and creating new demands for consumers is a dual-path strategic thinking of smart manufacturing.

In short, the new era infrastructure has undergone major changes, becoming a smart infrastructure combining virtual and real. As the infrastructure concept continues to expand, every industry, every enterprise, and even everyone in this era must have infrastructure operations. New thinking needs to consider how to refactor the industry ecology, business format, and personal position on the new infrastructure, carry out subversive innovation, and find your own new world.

Editor in charge: Ge Hongyan

This article is posted on this website for the purpose of transmitting more information and does not imply endorsement of its views or confirmation of its description.

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