Editor's note: Recently, the "Nature" magazine published on May 2 published the latest research findings of 12 famous plant biologists worldwide: the important properties of plant transporters. This discovery may have a profound impact on global agriculture. According to relevant information, 1 billion of the world ’s 7 billion people are currently malnourished, lacking sufficient protein and carbohydrates, and 1 billion are malnourished, lacking micronutrients such as iron, zinc, and vitamin A. These dietary deficiencies not only make people susceptible to infection and illness, but also increase the risk of mental illness. By 2050, the global population may reach 9 billion. Many factors, such as a rapid population growth, rising urbanization levels, increasing demand for protein in developing countries, and increasing risks of climate warming, will put heavy pressure on agricultural production. The important properties of plant transporters discovered by 12 famous plant biologists in the world may ease the pressure of global agricultural production. After research, they found that transporters in plants not only pass through the biofilms of crops to fight toxic metals and insects, but also improve the salt and drought tolerance of crops, control water loss and store sugar. According to reports, the reason why plants are not easy to grow on saline land is because plants absorb water and nutrients through the roots, and also transport saline components to the entire plant body. If the concentration of salt and alkali absorbed into the body is too high, the plant will die. How to cultivate plants that can grow normally on saline-alkali land, especially the cultivation of genetically engineered plants with high salt tolerance, is the fundamental way to improve saline-alkali land and is also the research focus of the international academic community. At present, salt stress has affected more than one-fifth of agricultural land in the world, and with climate change, salt stress will also pose more and more threats to food production. Salt-tolerant crops will be an important means to ensure food security . Lana Mullers, a female scientist at the Plant Industry Department of the Australian Science and Technology Organization, and her colleagues have now used this sodium transporter in breeding research, genetically treating wheat crops to make them more resistant to salt stress. Under the standard environment, the yield of the new salt-tolerant wheat line is not different from that of the normal wheat line, but under the salt stress environment, the salt-tolerant wheat can increase the yield by 25%. In fact, as early as 2010, Chinese scientists changed the plant's survival performance to adapt to the growth conditions of soil salinization. The research group led by Professor Xia Tao of East China Normal University created a new "sodium-hydrogen reverse transporter" through gene shuffling technology. Plants that transfer and express this new gene can grow normally in a high-salt environment. The data shows that the ability of this newly created "sodium-hydrogen retrotransporter" to transport salt is about 1 times higher than the wild "sodium-hydrogen retrotransporter". Researchers also implanted the gene into Arabidopsis thaliana, and found that the survival ability of Arabidopsis thaliana in saline-alkaline environment was greatly improved. And now this latest research will help to improve the problem that wheat can be grown in only 6% of the world. In the future, many high-salt areas can also grow salt-tolerant wheat, which can be said to have both economic value and research significance. . On the other hand, the latest discoveries by Emmanuel Delhez of Australia and plant physiologist Leon Kochien of Cornell University in the United States are expected to make it possible for people to grow crops in 30% of acid soils around the world. Scientists have clarified the mechanism by which transporters control this process so that plant roots can tolerate toxic aluminum. They said that through the genetic treatment of crops, the toxicity of aluminum ions can be removed, which will help the currently unavailable or barren acid soil "transform" into fertile farmland and produce more food for humans. And biofuel crops. In addition, they also found that there are transport proteins in plants and symbiotic soil fungi that allow plants to absorb phosphate and nitrogen fertilizer more efficiently. The leader of the study, Julian Schroeder, a biology professor at the University of California, San Diego, said that these recent biological studies related to plant transporters are expected to enable people to obtain better varieties of crops under harsh environments. Can perform better and be more nutritious. "Puzzle 3D Eraser Bulk,Puzzle 3D Eraser,Building Blocks Eraser,Toppers Cute Erasers " Yiwu Shengshang Stationery Co., Ltd. , https://www.ss-stationery.com
Scientists have discovered important properties of plant transporters