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The research on spunbond nonwoven fabrics has been developed and industrialized by DuPont and Freudenberg in the United States and Europe respectively since the late 1950s. Then, in the late 1960s, countries around the world began to produce spunbond nonwovens. Japan started in the 1970s, and the Asia-Pacific region began production in the mid-1980s with the introduction of technology.
The important reason for the rapid development of the spunbond method is that it uses synthetic polymers as raw materials. This method uses the principle of chemical fiber spinning. During the polymer spinning process, continuous filaments are made by spraying and forming a web and then directly bonded. Non-woven fabrics, the manufacturing method is very simple and fast. Compared with the dry non-woven fabric processing technology, a series of cumbersome intermediate processes such as fiber curling, cutting, packaging, transportation, mixing, carding, etc. are eliminated. The most significant effect of mass production is to reduce the cost of spunbond products, stabilize the quality, and have a strong market competitiveness. It can enter the textile , paper and film market in various applications such as disposable and durability. Secondly, due to the large amount of polypropylene used as the main raw material in spunbond nonwovens, its many advantages in terms of price, processing, and production costs have also greatly promoted the continuous development of the spunbond nonwovens industry. In addition, the spunbond nonwoven fabric products have excellent mechanical properties, and its tensile strength, elongation at break, tear strength and other indicators are better than dry, wet, meltblown nonwoven fabrics, especially spunbond in recent years The rapid development in production line scale, technology and equipment, and product market development has greatly expanded the application field of spunbond nonwovens.
The biggest difference between the spunbond production process and chemical fiber spinning is the use of air drafting and direct web formation, so the drafting of the spunbond method becomes a core technical issue. The previous drafting used mechanical drafting, fiber monofilament It's thick and unevenly spread. At present, air drafting technology has been used in spunbond production equipment in various countries around the world. Due to the different air drafting methods, there are three different forms of spunbond production lines, including tube drafting, wide slit drafting, and narrow slit drafting. Stretch out.
Spunbond nonwoven fabric technology has always been to improve the capacity of the production line and solve the problems of nonwoven uniformity, covering, rough feel, etc., to improve the strength, softness, uniformity and comfort of spunbonded nonwoven fabrics , Hygroscopicity and other properties.
Fine Danhua spunbond nonwoven fabric can directly improve the softness and comfort of spunbond nonwoven fabric. However, the fine denaturation of the spunbond method has a technical bottleneck. For example, fine denaturation can increase the number of fibers per unit area of ​​the spunbond nonwoven fabric, and the "bonding point" between fibers will increase. The product will also become more uniform and the coverage will increase.
Because of the shortcomings of meltblown, the production speed is lower than the spunbond method, the fiber strength is poor, the wear resistance is not good, the production efficiency is low, and the production cost is high. Therefore, Exxon uses the basic characteristics of spunbond and meltblown to cut lengths and compensate for shortcomings, combining the technology of meltblown nonwoven and spunbond nonwoven to develop a composite production technology of spunbond and meltblown. Viscous-meltblown composite nonwoven products, combining continuous spunbond filaments and meltblown nonwoven fabrics into an integrated structure, making full use of the advantages of the two technologies and the characteristics of nonwoven fabrics to make the product strong and uniform Sex and hand function reach the ideal level, and its good liquid resistance, thermal insulation, filterability and moisture conductivity form a more popular market than traditional spunbond nonwoven fabrics.
Introduction to manufacturing methods of spunbond nonwovens
In the manufacturing method of nonwoven fabrics , the spunbond method has obvious advantages in manufacturing technology, product performance and production efficiency, etc., so that it has achieved rapid development that has attracted worldwide attention in the past 20 years. At present, about 40% to 50% of the production of non-woven fabrics adopts the melt spinning method (including spunbond method, melt blow method and the composite method of the two). This melt spinning production method accounts for proportion of 50%, respectively, U.S., Europe, Japan, 37% and 41%, and the like, the display can be seen from the data of production mainly developed countries have melt spinning nonwoven fabric. In the most developed North America in the 1998s, the spunbond nonwoven market accounted for 54% of the total nonwoven market.