This kit is for research specificity only: this kit can detect natural or recombinant porcine TGF-β1 at the same time, and does not cross-react with other related proteins. Reagents and equipment needed but not provided Remote Controlled Parking Barrier
Parking locks, also called parking space locks, parking barriers.
Parking lock is a device placed on the parking space to prevent the parking space from unauthorized occupying. They are suitable for both commercial and private use.
Features
1.Easy installation: four prepared holes at the bottom of the cabinet makes it easy to install.parking lot
2.Manual operation: to operate the parking locks rising and going down manually with manual at emergency situation.
Automatic Parking Lock,Manual Parking Barrier,PARKING BOLLARD,Sensitive Parking Barrier TAISHAN YUEXIN INDUSTRIAL GROUP LIMITED , http://www.tsyuexin.com
Validity: 6 months Expected application: ELISA method for quantitative determination of TGF-β1 content in pig serum, plasma, cell culture supernatant or other related biological fluids.
Explanation
1. Kit storage: -20 ℃ (when not in use for a long time); 2-8 ℃ (when used frequently).
2. The concentrated washing liquid will be salted out at low temperature, and it can be heated and dissolved in the water bath when diluted.
3. There may be inconsistencies between the Chinese and English instructions. Please refer to the English instructions.
4. The well of the ELISA plate just opened may contain a little water-like substance. This is normal and will not have any impact on the experimental results.
Overview Transforming growth factor-β (transforming growth factor-β, TGF-β) is a group of newly discovered TGF-β superfamily that regulates cell growth and differentiation. In addition to TGF-β, this family also contains activin, inhibin, Mueller's duct inhibitory substance and bone morphogenetic protein. The name of TGF-β is based on the fact that this cytokine can transform the phenotype of normal fibroblasts, that is, in the presence of epidermal growth factor (EGF) at the same time, it changes the growth characteristics of fibroblast tissues and is obtained on agar Ability to grow, and lose the inhibitory effect of density trust in growth. TGF-β is the same as the growth inhibitory factor secreted from African green monkey kidney epithelial cell BSC-1 reported earlier. In 1985, the gene for TGF-β was successfully cloned and expressed in E. coli. At least four subtypes of TGF-β1, TGF-β2, TGF-β3, and TGF-β1β2 are found in mammals. TGF-β1 has 71% amino acid homology with TGF-β2, TGF-β1 has 77% homology with TGF-β3, and TGF-β2 has 80% homology with TGF-β3. TGF-β has 30-40% homology with its members of the TGF-β superfamily. Various cells in the body can secrete inactive TGF-β. Generally, tissues with active cell differentiation often contain higher levels of TGF-β, such as osteoblasts, kidneys, bone marrow, and hematopoietic cells in fetal liver. TGF-β1 has the highest content in human platelets and mammalian bone; TGF-β2 has the highest content in pig platelets and mammalian bone; TGF-β3 is mainly produced by cells of mesenchymal origin.
Experimental principle The microtiter plate is coated with purified antibody to make a solid phase carrier, and the specimen or standard, biotinylated anti-TGF-β1 antibody, HRP labeled Avidin, after thorough washing, was developed with substrate TMB. TMB is converted into blue under the catalysis of peroxidase, and into the final yellow under the action of acid. The color depth is positively correlated with TGF-β1 in the sample. The absorbance (OD value) was measured with a microplate reader at a wavelength of 450 nm, and the sample concentration was calculated.
Kit composition and reagent preparation
1. Assay plate: one piece (96 wells).
2. Standard product (Standard): 2 bottles (lyophilized product).
3. Sample Diluent: 1 × 20ml / bottle.
4. Biotin-antibody Diluent: 1 × 10ml / bottle.
5. HRP-avidin Diluent: 1 × 10ml / bottle.
6. Biotin-antibody: 1 × 120ul / bottle (1: 100)
7. Horseradish peroxidase labeled avidin (HRP-avidin): 1 × 120ul / vial (1: 100)
8. Substrate solution (TMB Substrate): 1 × 10ml / bottle.
9. Wash Buffer: 1 × 20ml / bottle, each bottle is diluted 25 times with distilled water.
10. Stop Solution (Stop Solution): 1 × 10ml / bottle (2N H2SO4).
1. Standard Specification Microplate Reader
2. High-speed centrifuge
3. Electric heating thermostat incubator
4. Clean test tubes and Eppendof tubes
5. Series adjustable pipettes and tips. When testing more samples at one time, it is best to use multi-channel pipettes
6. Collection and preservation of specimens such as distilled water and volumetric flasks
1. Serum: Whole blood specimens should be left at room temperature for 2 hours or overnight at 4 ° C and centrifuged at 1000 xg for 20 minutes. Supernatant can be taken for detection, or the specimens should be stored at -20 ° C or -80 ° C, but avoid repeated Freeze and thaw.
2. Plasma: EDTA or heparin can be used as anticoagulant. Centrifuge the sample at 2-8 ° C 1000 xg for 15 minutes within 30 minutes after collection, or store the specimen at -20 ° C or -80 ° C, but avoid repeated freezing melt.
3. Cell culture supernatant or other biological specimens: centrifuge at 1000 xg for 20 minutes, take the supernatant for detection, or store the specimen at -20 ℃ or -80 ℃, but avoid repeated freezing and thawing.
Note: Hemolysis of specimens will affect the final test results, so hemolysis specimens should not be tested.
Dilution principle of specimens:
First of all, we should know the approximate content of the sample to be tested through literature search, and determine the appropriate dilution factor. Only when it is diluted to the range of the standard curve, the test result is accurate. Detailed records should be made during the dilution process. When calculating the concentration at the end, it was diluted "N" times, and the concentration of the specimen should be multiplied by "N".
Standard dilution principle: 2 bottles, each bottle is diluted to 1ml with sample diluent before use, and then left to stand for more than 10 minutes after being capped, and then inverted / rubbed repeatedly to help dissolve. Its concentration is 50000 pg / ml. After serial dilutions, 50,000 pg / ml, 25000 pg / ml, 12500 pg / ml, 6250 pg / ml, 3120 pg / ml, 1560 pg / ml, 780 pg / ml, and the sample dilution is directly used as the standard concentration 0 pg / ml, prepared within 15 minutes before use.
For example, to prepare a 25000 pg / ml standard: Take 0.5ml (not less than 0.5ml) of the above 50000 pg / ml standard into an Eppendorf tube containing 0.5ml of sample diluent, mix well, and the rest of the concentration can be deduced by analogy.
Dilution principle of biotinylated antibody:
Before use, dilute with biotinylated antibody diluent. Before dilution, prepare according to the pre-calculated total amount required for each experiment (100ul per well). In actual preparation, 0.1-0.2ml should be prepared. For example, the ratio of 10ul biotin-labeled antibody plus 990ul biotin-labeled antibody dilution is prepared, mix gently, and prepare within one hour before use.
Dilution principle of horseradish peroxidase-labeled avidin:
Before use, dilute with horseradish peroxidase-labeled avidin diluent. Before dilution, prepare according to the pre-calculated total amount required for each experiment (100ul per well). 0.1-0.2ml should be prepared in actual . For example, the ratio of 10ul horseradish peroxidase-labeled avidin plus 990ul horseradish peroxidase-labeled avidin dilution is prepared, mix gently, and prepare within one hour before use.
Before starting the experiment, please configure all reagents in advance. When diluting the reagents or samples, they should be mixed evenly. Try to avoid foaming when mixing. A standard curve should be made for each test. If the sample concentration is too high, dilute with sample diluent to make the sample meet the detection range of the kit.
1. Add sample: set blank hole, standard hole and sample hole to be tested respectively. Add 100ul of sample diluent to the blank well, and 100ul of the standard or the sample to be tested in the remaining well. Be careful not to have air bubbles. Add the sample to the bottom of the well of the microplate. The target plate is covered with a cover or film and reacted at 37 ° C for 120 minutes.
To ensure the validity of the experimental results, please use a new standard solution for each experiment.
2. Discard the liquid and spin dry without washing. Add 100ul of biotin-labeled antibody working solution to each well (take 1ul of biotin-labeled antibody plus 99ul of biotin-labeled antibody dilution to prepare, mix gently and prepare within one hour before use), 37 ℃, 60 minutes
3. After incubation for 60 minutes, discard the liquid in the wells, spin dry, wash the plate 3 times, soak for 1-2 minutes each time, 350ul / per well, spin dry.
4. Add horseradish peroxidase-labeled avidin working solution (with biotin-labeled antibody working solution) to each well at 37 ℃ for 60 minutes.
5. After incubating for 60 minutes, discard the liquid in the well, spin dry, wash the plate 5 times, soak for 1-2 minutes each time, 350ul / per well, spin dry.
6. Add 90ul of substrate solution to each well in sequence, and develop color at 37 ° C in the dark (within 30 minutes, at this time, the first 3-4 wells of the standard product can be seen by the naked eye with a clear blue gradient, and the back 3-4 wells are not obvious. , You can terminate).
7. Add 50ul of stop solution to each well in sequence to stop the reaction (in this case, the blue color turns to yellow). The order of adding the stop solution should be the same as that of the substrate solution. In order to ensure the accuracy of the experimental results, the termination solution should be added as soon as possible after the substrate reaction time expires.
8. Measure the optical density (OD value) of each well in sequence using an enzyme-linked instrument at a wavelength of 450 nm. Test within 15 minutes after adding stop solution.
Note:
1. When using the reagent kit for the first time, the user should centrifuge various reagent tubes for several minutes so that the reagents are concentrated to the bottom of the tube.
2. Leave one well for each experiment as a blank zero-adjusting well. No reagents are added to this well, only the substrate solution and 2N H2SO4 are added at the end. Use this hole to adjust the OD value to zero when measuring.
3. To prevent the sample from evaporating, place the reaction plate in a closed box covered with a damp cloth during the test, and add a cover or film to the enzyme label plate.
4. Store unused microplates or reagents at 2-8 ° C. Standards, biotin-labeled antibody working solution, horseradish peroxidase-labeled avidin working solution, please use according to the required amount. Do not reuse diluted standard, biotin-labeled antibody working solution, or horseradish peroxidase-labeled avidin working solution.
5. It is recommended to set double-hole measurement when testing samples to ensure the accuracy of the test results.
Plate washing method Manual plate washing method: suck (not touch the wall) or shake off the liquid in the microplate; put a few layers of absorbent paper on the experimental table, and tap the microplate down several times with force; the recommended wash buffer Inject at least 0.3ml of solution into the hole and soak for 1-2 minutes. Repeat this process several times as needed.
Automatic plate washing: If there is an automatic plate washing machine, it should be used in the formal experiment process after being used skillfully.
Calculate the standard concentration as the abscissa (logarithmic coordinate), the OD value is the ordinate (ordinary coordinate), draw a standard curve on the semi-logarithmic coordinate paper, and find the corresponding concentration from the standard curve according to the OD value of the sample ; Multiply by the dilution factor; or use the standard concentration and OD value to calculate the linear regression equation of the standard curve, substitute the OD value of the sample into the equation, calculate the sample concentration, and multiply by the dilution factor, which is the actual concentration of the sample .
Precautions
1. When mixing protein solutions, try to be as gentle as possible to avoid foaming.
2. The washing process is very important. Insufficient washing can easily cause false positives.
3. It is best to control the sampling time within 5 minutes. If there are many specimens, it is recommended to use a volley gun to add samples.
4. Please make the standard curve at the same time of each measurement, it is better to make the complex hole.
5. If the content of the substance to be tested in the specimen is too high, please dilute it and then determine it. When calculating, please multiply by the dilution factor.
6. When preparing standard products and testing solution working fluid, please prepare with corresponding diluent, not to be confused.
7. Please keep the substrate away from light.
8. Do not replace the reagents in the kit with reagents from other manufacturers.
Porcine Transforming Growth Factor β1 (TGF-β1) ELISA Kit Instructions