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A stack of printed sheets printed by a digital printing press is a completely different concept from a book. Books nowadays often require framing with a color cover (laminated or hardcover), but in fact there are many details from the printing of the book to the final binding and binding. In other words, the use of lasers and other technologies to achieve the printing of book content is only the most basic requirement for printing on demand, and it is necessary to achieve true on-demand printing. In addition to printing equipment, some professional binding equipment is also required.
Technical problems are still better solved. The most prominent problem now is the cost of each book. When the price of the book exceeds the market demand, we must find other more effective ways. For on-demand printed books, because of many factors, it is more difficult to determine the pricing of a book that prints on demand than to determine the price of a product printed using offset printing. According to the “Seybold†article, a recent book seller pointed out that the cost of printing a popular book with a size of 6 inches by 9 inches (15cm by 23cm) and a thickness of 300 pages and printed on fairly good paper is The $5, but if you add shipping charges, taxes, and price increases during distribution, the cost will exceed $5. Although the cost of consumables in operation is very low, various costs and expenses (including labor, rent, and indirect costs) must be included. Many manufacturers have seriously considered the issue of investment in on-demand printing solutions and investment recovery. It is believed that in the case of a reference of 5 US dollars per book, the more investment is not necessarily, the larger the solution is, the greater the profit will be. Small, small solutions, profit is not necessarily small.
There are two main viewpoints for the two modes to implement on-demand printing of books. One is a centralized large system, and the other is a decentralized small system. However, everyone admits that the economic superiority of traditional book printing production can only be reflected when the number of prints reaches 2000 or more. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an on-demand printing system.
1. The centralized large-scale system model adopts a centralized large-scale system with high investment, and is suitable for enterprises with large orders and large print jobs. The centralized large-scale system model requires investment of about US$1 million, and has the ability to print and distribute on-demand short-run prints, which can adapt to the requirements of bookstores or chain stores. Books are printed and bound on a centralized device and distributed from a centralized device. The disadvantage of this centralized approach is the need for shipping fees for books. The printed books must be transported from the center of the centralized facility to the distribution site, with a small amount of output or a narrow range of distribution. The cost will increase by 2 dollars or more. The increase in cost will naturally have many adverse effects, but in some cases, centralized distribution can also play some role. For example, if many different kinds of books ordered by a bookstore come from the same centralized large system, then the bookstore can greatly reduce the transportation costs, thus remedying the shortcomings of the centralized large-scale system model.
This centralized and large system first emerged from the competition between IBM and Xerox. The typical product is the LightningPrint system that IBM and IngramBook Division jointly formed. Océ also showed its DemandStream (on-demand live streaming) technology at the 2000 BookExpo Amerca show. The system is similar in operation to IBM's InfoPrint platform, but at a lower price. Another company that has recently entered the field is Israel’s Aprion, which launches a drop-on-demand ink-jet solution that claims to be as good as some other toner-based solutions. In this case, it will even exceed other systems.
2. Decentralized Small System Model The second view is to push the book processing process to the bookstore itself or to a fast printing department. If a customer orders a book on the Internet, he can get it later at a convenient location nearby. A buyer may also select a book from a decentralized small system bookstore display, and then get a copy of the same book in the room behind the bookstore.
The decentralized small-system model is based on the idea that the books required by customers are readily available and that customers can obtain the desired book in a few minutes near the place of purchase. Since the market is no longer satisfied with books that only use saddle-stitch binding and monochrome covers, books produced using decentralized small systems must meet the higher quality requirements of customers and publishers, and at least have color covers and wireless glue. Booked, and usually the cover must also be covered.
In short, the centralized large system and decentralized small system have different operating methods, but they all carry out large-scale printing, paper handling and consumables management, cover film coating and other finishing processes. Centralized large systems and decentralized small systems solve these problems in different ways.
Problems that should be noticed in the layout Paper economy In large print shops, many printing companies use web printing for economic reasons. 6 inches x 9 inches is a common size for popular books in foreign countries. Even in order to pursue economics, it is not possible to use 18-inch-wide web when it comes to imposition, because it will cause great waste. What if you use a small system? If we print 50-100 books per day (the amount of printing often used by decentralized small systems), is the economy of paper the same as a large system?
The economics of the small system are based on the fact that most small systems are toner-based systems with printing speeds of 20-40 copies per minute. The printing department with such a small system is ideal for on-demand printing of books if it ignores the economics of paper. An 8.5-inch by 11-inch book printed on four sheets of paper does not waste paper. However, this size is usually suitable for magazine printing and is rarely used for books. Most popular books are printed as standard 6-inch by 9-inch, so pay attention to the economical efficiency of paper. Interestingly, 5.5-inch by 8.5-inch books are becoming more common in some print shops, perhaps because these printers have been gradually printing saddle-stitched prints. In the old specification, this type of saddle-stitched printed material is eight copies, and the large number of popular products on the market are all such copies.
2. The direction of the paper texture texture is a very important factor in book printing. When the layout is finished, it is necessary to consider the final book finished condition. The texture of the cover and the texture of the book block should always be parallel to the extension direction of the spine. With the popularity of this binding book, the cover should be firmly attached to the spine, and the internal pages should make the book easier to open. As a whole, books should maintain their proper shape. Books that are bound poorly may be wrinkled, warped, or bound for a long time. Some printers believe that it is more economical to print books of various sizes on four sheets of paper, because it is not necessary to consider the problem of the texture of the paper when it comes to the layout of eight pages.
In on-demand printing, the first book and the second book printed by the production system may be completely different in size and content. Therefore, in order to make the printing process more economical and rational use of paper, books on-demand printing sometimes can not consider too much about the size and texture direction of the sheet.
3. Layouts Most imposition softwares have matured and reached a high level of functionality, fully meeting the requirements of small-sized printing companies with small systems. In fact, the on-demand printing solution for small systems usually requires the imposition of the imprint to be automated. The imposition software is included in the Spoolers on-demand book printing (Spooler refers to the spooler in computer technology, which is the input device. A software that operates in an orderly manner with the output device without interference. This means that the user interface is completely unnecessary. The user only needs to invoke the imposition software package from its spooler on a command line, send various parameter variables to it or call the DLL of the layout engine (along with Into the program) to complete the imposition work.
Overview of On-demand Printing in Foreign Countries (I)
According to Seybold, since the end of 1980, people have been conducting digital printing experiments on books intermittently. Eight years ago, digital book printing and publishing had already emerged. People could only use the HP inkjet printer Laserjet IID to print books that readers could afford. At the time, many people doubted whether this approach was a viable solution. About three years ago, some people in the industry were no longer skeptical about on-demand printing. Some books on-demand printing equipment manufacturers, such as Sprout, On-Demand Machine, and InstaBook, began to consider how to implement in some small print shops on the street side. Press the issue of Confucianism and India. In 1998, books on-demand publishing and printing technology became more mature. Some large companies began to take action to promote the development of the on-demand printing industry. In 2000, on-demand printing was developed to a new stage.