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Digital color prepress proofing development trend
Prepress proofs are for design, printing, and customer use in all aspects. From the proofs, you can see the effect of the final batch print, especially the effect on the color. In the traditional color proofing process, a four-color separation sheet is first used to make a printing plate for proofing, and then proofed on an offset proofer. Sample proofs can be mass-printed after design, printing, and customer approval. If you are not satisfied with the proofs, you can recreate it until the user is satisfied. The proofs at this time are called "same-like sheets" and become the common basis for the approval of the printer and the customer. Because the traditional printing uses the same four-color color separation film to make printing plates and printing plates for proof printing separately, the effect of proofing and batch printing can be very close. This is also the most important advantage of traditional proofing. However, the development of things is not absolute, and traditional color proofing is influenced by subjective factors. Because the proofing environment and conditions are different; the medicines, inks, and paper used are different; the technical level and working experience of the proofing staff are different, and the same four-color separation sheets are made in two different offset proofing departments. Proofing, the effect is not the same. This is also the deficiency of traditional color proofing.
Traditional color proofing must have four-color color separation sheet, use it to make proof printing plates; digital color proofing does not require four-color color separation sheets, and color images and characters are processed by computers and output directly to the color proofing machine for proofing. At present, there are many kinds of color proofing machines that are popular on the market, such as sublimation, lasers, wax injections, ink jets, etc. Some of them have high printing precision and bright colors, but they are not necessarily suitable for prepress proofing. The most important thing in pre-press proofing is that the proofs can reproduce the colors of the originals, and match with the color characteristics of CMYK in batch printing, so that the color of the finished printed products is as consistent as possible with the proofs. In short, the most important thing in pre-press proofing is the color effect that matches the original and the print. For this reason, digital color-dragging systems for pre-press proofing are specifically equipped with color management software that automatically or by the user can adjust the appropriate color effects.
With the increasing demand for printed materials, many color plate printing and printing design departments, advertising companies, export centers, newspapers, and publishing houses have established their own color systems and dealt with their own print layouts. The demand for prepress proofing is growing. Designers and customers hope to see layout results in time, and traditional color proofing has been difficult to meet requirements. At present, some digital color pre-impression proofing systems have been able to achieve accurate color matching, and they are inexpensive and are expected to be popularized among users soon. For this reason, printers should also face the reality of digital color prepress proofing technology, which accepts digital color prepress proofing in traditional offset printing. In particular, with the development of CTP direct plate making technology, there is no such thing as film imaging in the entire process, and the traditional method of color proofing cannot be used anymore, and digital color proofing must be adopted. Therefore, the development of applicable digital color prepress proofing technologies and products has become a necessity for production. The promotion of prepress digital color prepress proofing in production will raise many questions:
1. The color of the self-constraint is extremely complex, and the basic colors RGB or CMYK cannot be completely represented, and it is more difficult to reproduce the original color of the natural world.
2. Both RGB and CMYK color systems do not overlap and the colors that can be expressed with RGB may not necessarily be represented by the CMYK system. The colors seen on the screen may not be printed or printed on paper.
3. Due to the different color characteristics of different devices, the colors appearing on the same image will also be different.
4. Even if it is the same device, the colors appearing on the same image are not the same due to the different environment or aging of the old components.
The so-called color management system is established to solve the above problems. The color management system mainly includes the following contents and functions:
1. Color conversion. Such as the conversion from RGB color space to CMYK color space, this conversion is done by the computer.
2. Device profile. Represents a device's color reproduction characteristics and capabilities, according to this document adjust the transfer of calibration color transfer, so that color can be accurately reproduced. However, only if the user correctly defines the file that reflects the characteristics of the device and provides the characteristics of the used ink paper media, the color management software can work correctly and effectively.
Many tasks in color management are to be completed by the user, and there is a certain degree of difficulty. For example, it is necessary to periodically calibrate the device and describe the reproduction characteristics of the color. Sometimes the format of the color reproduction characteristic description file of each manufacturer's equipment is not the same. Some devices do not have a characteristic description file, and they need to be established by the user in a custom manner. Some experts estimate that about 10% of households can use the color management system, and a large number of users are still dealing with color problems based on their own practical experience. In order to avoid the difficulties and troubles of using the color management system, some color management systems are designed for certain specific devices, specific inks and media, and as far as possible to facilitate the use of the user. In the following, Radiance, which is a color management software built into RIP by Wacom Technologies, is taken as an example for further explanation:
1. The color seen in nature is a complex mixture of visible spectra of all colors. Radiance first took tens of thousands of colors from the spectral range of visible light from 400 to 700 nm. After computer processing, it was output from high-quality image shots under specified conditions. High-quality color proofing, and then used as a standard 3M approved by the printing and publishing industry (Matchprint, FujiCOLOrArt, Dupont Cromalin, etc. for color correction. After the correctness of color proof is inspected, these color proofs are measured again with a spectrometer, and This data is transferred to the computer as a "source file."
2. The "source file" in the computer is output from the color output machine to be corrected, and then each color is tested with a spectrophotometer, and the output data of the output machine to be corrected is compared with the corresponding number of the source file. The difference creates a conversion table, which forms a color conversion correction table. Use this table to calibrate the output file, and the color difference can be corrected.
3. Because the output machine to be calibrated is different from the ink and paper used, the measured spectral characteristics are also different, so Radiance's color correction is precisely a combination of a specific set of ink and paper media, and is performed on some specific output devices. The color can be accurately and repeatedly matched.
4. The above-mentioned color calibration is carried out in a production plant and is a complicated task. It is difficult for the user to complete the calibration. Radiance frees users from the complex tasks of defining device description features and color calibration curves. Implementing "buttons" is very user-friendly. However, users should keep in mind that their color management is for some specific output machines, inks, and paper.
Concept change and technical preparation
Digital color pre-press proofing is a new technology. So far, it has not been widely recognized in China's printing and publishing industry. Because the digital color prepress proofing system is more and more accurate in color matching, some digital color prepress proofing systems are inexpensive to use, fast and convenient, and have great market prospects. All aspects should be prepared conceptually and technically. Non-traditional printing departments, such as advertising, design, and newspapers, will first use the digital color prepress proofing system. Some units such as Printing Technology Magazine, China Standard Press, and Xinmin Publishing House are already in use. The Epson 3000 printer's Light Bridge has been launched in Hong Kong and abroad. It will also be launched in the Mainland in the near future. Digital color pre-press proofing can be performed on the A2 format. For larger than A2 or full format, HP Design Jet Series or Encad Nova jet Series proofers can be used.
The digital color pre-printing proofing system generally does not output the traditional amplitude modulation network points, such as continuous adjustment of the sublimation output, and the ink ejection settings output the frequency modulation network points. If the design and printing department is already using a digital color prepress proofing system, the traditional printing industry will also change its traditional concepts and adapt itself to increase the printing source. Under the impact of high technology, especially in the market economy, the economic benefits This is a very important factor. New technologies and traditional technologies must be adapted to each other. It may not be appropriate for traditional industries to unilaterally go for new technologies that all satisfy the original process.
Relevant colleges and universities and science and technology development departments should cooperate with printing companies and actively participate in the development and introduction of new technologies. More China's national conditions to introduce a color management system, or to design a separate color management system in China; can also be compared to test, the relevant parameters of the digital pre-press proofing parameters and the traditional printing process parameters to adapt to the requirements of the traditional process; Help the printing department to learn advanced color management knowledge, technology, change some traditional concepts and operating techniques, and truly realize digital color management!
Digital color prepress proofing should be gradually promoted
In recent years, the color DTP system has been widely used in news, publishing, advertising, printing, and other industries and departments. It can not only organize various formats of color newspapers, magazines, books and periodicals, but also can handle a variety of fine color print publications, Replaced many traditional printing operations, graphic input, color separation, group scheduling, modification, processing and other processes and technologies. In the advanced digital color graphics processing system, the processed finished products have to pass through the traditional color proofing before being processed in batch printing. It is understood that there are not many digital color proofing applications in Hong Kong, and countries with relatively advanced foreign printing technologies also retain traditional color proofing. So, why is digital color printing thousands of proofs not widely used in our country today because of the rapid digitalization of color prepress operations?