Frozen freezing (body frostbite) [Factors] Frozen body, also known as body frostbite, is caused by prolonged exposure of the body to a cold environment, resulting in reduced systemic metabolism, massive loss of heat, unsustainable body temperature, and finally conscious coma and total body freezing. At the beginning of the cold of the human body, on the one hand, heat is used to increase metabolism, so the muscles contract, the heart rate increases, blood pressure rises, and the number of breathing increases; on the other hand, peripheral blood vessels contract and reduce heat dissipation. If you continue to suffer from cold, heat dissipation exceeds heat production, body temperature begins to drop, and below 320C, chills no longer occur, metabolism is gradually reduced, blood pressure, pulse, respiration also began to decline; caused below 300C, into the coma and body stasis. Failure to save in time will eventually lead to death. Cold freezing often occurs when sudden cooling or blizzards occur, especially when clothing is thin, hunger, fatigue, getting lost, drunkenness, and other unexpected circumstances, which are rare. However, our country has a vast territory. Exploration crews or scouts operating in high mountains and snow, pilots in dire cold areas, and sailors and fishermen accidentally attacked by snowstorms in the ocean may freeze. [pathophysiology] The pathological process of the body's response to cold is divided into functional compensation and functional failure. The main performance is as follows: 1. The nervous system: When the body temperature is 340C, amnesia may occur, and when the temperature is lower than 320C, the sense of touch and pain are lost, and then the consciousness is lost and the pupil is enlarged or reduced. 2. Circulatory system: After the body temperature drops, the blood in the blood moves from the blood vessel to the tissue space, the blood concentrates, and the viscosity increases. At the time of 200C, half of the peripheral blood vessels in the peripheral blood vessels stop and the pulmonary circulation and peripheral resistance increase; the coronary blood at 190C The flow rate was 25% of normal, cardiac output decreased, heart rate slowed, conduction block occurred, and ventricular fibrillation could occur. 3. Respiratory system: Respiratory center is inhibited. Breathing becomes lighter and slower. Breathing is reduced by 50% than normal at 290C. Respiratory depression further aggravates hypoxia, acidosis and circulatory failure. 4. Kidney due to renal vasospasm, renal blood flow decreased, tight ball filtration rate decreased. At a temperature of 270C, renal blood flow decreased by more than half, and the glomerular filtration rate decreased by 1/3. If it lasts too long, it leads to metabolic acidosis, azotemia and acute renal failure. Bottle Sterilizer And Dryer,Best Bottle Sterilizer And Dryer,Electric Steam Steriliser,Electric Bottle Sterilizer Joystar Electrical Appliances Manufacturing Co.,Ltd , https://www.fscnjoystar.com
The etiology and pathophysiology of systemic frostbite