Take a healthy way to slow down skin aging

Now, the number of people who inject botulinum toxin is 25-50 years old. In fact, in the beauty-oriented entertainment circle, there have been stars abandoned because of their "sudden expression." More because of market chaos, fake medicines are rampant, after injection, some eyelids are pulled, some are double vision, some skin is ulcerated, and even more life-threatening... then what kind of healthy and natural way should we take to slow down? What is the pace of skin aging?

Interview expert: Yan Daojin, deputy director of the Department of Dermatology, the 454th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army

Mo Baoqing, Associate Professor, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Nanjing Medical University

1 epidermal cells are constantly updated

Why are young people's skin so full, full and flexible? The reason is that our skin is born with a good structure.

The skin has three layers: the epidermis, the dermis, and the subcutaneous tissue (fat and blood vessels, nerves).

The epidermal layer is composed of epithelial cells. The epidermal cells undergo a complex and predetermined procedure, and the new cells are continuously detached from the basal layer. When the cells end to death, they are pushed to the outermost layer by the following newborn cells to form the outermost layer of the epidermis. "Skins".

The dead cells in the stratum corneum continue to fall off, and the newly born and dead cells will be pushed up to form a new stratum corneum. So continuously updated, the cycle from basal layer to stratum corneum metabolism is about 28 days.

The cells in the stratum corneum contain keratin, which has a water-absorbing effect. It can obtain the water that is continuously supplied by deep living cells, and can also absorb the water in the external environment. If the water content is 10% to 20%, the skin will appear soft. moist.

2 dermis has a "spring" bracket

Collagen, elastin and other fibers in the dermis form a network of supporting skeletons to maintain the elasticity of the skin.

The dermis also contains 70% to 80% of water, and its moisturizing factor is hyaluronic acid, which is known as hyaluronic acid. If the collagen of the dermis is equivalent to the steel frame of the house, then hyaluronic acid is equivalent to concrete. Collagen can only carry 30 times more water, while hyaluronic acid has the ability to absorb 500-1000 times more water. The moisture in the dermis can make the skin look full, full and elastic.

The skin will age. Aging is mainly divided into two forms: natural aging and photoaging.

3 aging is due to insufficient material for building "springs"

Natural aging is mainly caused by genetic factors.

Epidermal layer: As the age increases, epidermal cell renewal slows down, vitality decreases, and the repair ability of the epidermis is weakened.

At the interface between the epidermis and the dermis, the cross-linked structure of the original collagen fibers and elastic fibers is loosened, and the epidermis and the dermis are separated or separated, resulting in dry skin, desquamation, wrinkles and the like.

Aging also makes the hydration ability of the stratum corneum weaken, and the stratum corneum is insufficient in water, showing symptoms such as scales, roughness, redness, tightness, tingling and itching. When the water content of the stratum corneum is less than 10%, the skin is dry and desquamate, and even chapped.

Dermal layer: As people age, the synthesis of collagen and elastin in the dermis decreases, and the decomposition increases. In addition, the collagen gradually becomes thicker and abnormal cross-linking occurs, resulting in the destruction of the spiral network structure supporting the skin, wrinkles on the skin, Relaxation, inelasticity and other aging phenomena.

The human body generally has a tendency to synthesize collagen every year since the age of 25; wrinkles, sagging, dryness, and sensation after 30 years of age.

At the same time, the moisturizing factor hyaluronic acid will also disappear with age, causing the skin to lose water storage capacity, and become dry, dull, aging, and form fine wrinkles.

Furthermore, the third layer of the skin, the skin appendage, also undergoes significant changes during skin aging. For example, the sebaceous glands and sweat glands are atrophied, the secretion is reduced, and the emulsion on the surface of the skin is insufficient, resulting in rough and dry skin.

4 UV also denatures "springs"

Aging is also related to the external environment such as wind blowing and chemical exposure. UV is the main factor, so it is also called “photoaging”.

The characteristics of photoaging and natural aging are different: the exposed parts are rough, the wrinkles are deepened, the furrows are deepened, and the skin ridges are uplifted.

The most harmful to the skin is medium wave and long wave ultraviolet light.

When UVB reaches the skin, 70% is absorbed by the outermost stratum corneum of the epidermis, 20% reaches the lower layer of the epidermis, and 10% penetrates the epidermis and reaches the upper layer of the dermis.

These UVBs act directly on cellular DNA and keratinocytes, causing sunburn and tanning.

Long-wave UV rays can pass through the epidermis and reach the dermis layer, which is an important cause of free radical formation in the skin. The oxidative damage of free radicals can denature collagen, leaving the skin no longer firm, lacking elasticity and wrinkles. And gradually pigmentation, forming age spots.

Aging skin is more susceptible to UV rays.

The reason is that there is a superoxide dismutase in the body that can capture free radicals and protect tissues and organs. However, superoxide dismutase will decrease with age. In this way, the body's ability to scavenge free radicals gradually declines during natural aging.

The basal layer of the lowermost layer of the epidermis of the skin will produce melanocytes that are released into the cells of the stratum corneum to protect them from UV rays. However, as people naturally age, the number of melanocytes in the epidermis is significantly reduced, allowing the skin to gradually expose to the sun.