Auto parts logistics packaging equipment comprehensive summary

As we all know, the replacement of automobile products is slower and the production cycle is longer. A car project starts from the research and development of automobile products. It usually takes about 3 years to put into mass production. The normal production cycle of a car is 5-8 years, plus The demand for subsequent parts after the suspension of production generally lasts for 7 to 10 years. The time required for the packaging of auto parts and accessories is generally about 14 years. In the life cycle of automobile products, mold ownership control and raw material channel restrictions have led to the cost of auto parts logistics and packaging becoming a constraint point for the sales price of automobile products. In recent years, the design and management of auto parts packaging has gradually been transformed from a car parts supplier to a vehicle design factory for unified design and management.

Automotive parts and components are stable, and once they are officially produced, there are almost no modifications and changes, but their packaging solutions and logistics and transportation solutions need to be improved and optimized every year to reduce overall production costs. Most of the auto parts are large in size, such as automobile door panels, automobile bumpers, etc., and have high requirements on appearance, especially chrome-plated and aluminized bright-faced parts. Therefore, it is required that there should be no collision marks during the transportation process. Scratches, etc., this puts a very high design requirement on the size and protection function of the auto parts logistics packaging equipment.

At present, the main transportation and shipping methods for auto parts include the use of recyclable logistics packaging equipment and disposable logistics packaging equipment.

Recyclable logistics packaging equipment

Recyclable logistics packaging equipment refers to packaging equipment that can be used repeatedly and needs to be recycled, cleaned, repaired and stored regularly. Generally, a large number of imported auto parts are supplied to domestic automakers and adopt recyclable logistics packaging equipment, mainly based on land transportation. Below, the categories are classified by material and structure.

1. Sort by material

Recyclable logistics packaging equipment is mainly divided into metal packaging equipment and plastic packaging equipment according to materials. Metal packaging equipment is mainly used for land transportation within a city of less than 500 kilometers. Generally, standard steel (usually angle steel, square steel, etc.) is used, which is electrostatically sprayed, mainly including two types of hangers (as shown in Figure 1) and containers (as shown in Figure 2). In addition, the metal packaging appliance needs to install a "two fixed two-action" silent anti-static transport wheel at the bottom of the packaging device, wherein two directional wheels and two universal wheels have the same cost.

Figure 1 Hanging metal packaging equipment

Figure 2 container metal packaging equipment

In the daily use of logistics packaging equipment, it is necessary to change the wheels regularly to ensure that the anti-static rubber floor in the production line is not damaged. When the logistics packaging container is rusted due to humidity, sun and rain, it needs to be periodically Secondary spraying, but due to the limitation of the substrate surface, electrostatic spraying can no longer be used, and only general spraying can be used. Therefore, the adhesion of the paint surface of the logistics packaging device will be reduced. Generally, electrostatic spraying can be used for 12 to 18 months, while general spraying It can be used for about 6 months. In addition, in the process of daily loading and unloading, the damage of the forklift to the logistics packaging equipment is also inevitable, and monthly gold and welding are required to ensure that the logistics package used in the project has sufficient quantity to meet the inventory and transportation. (shipping and recycling), production lines and customer needs. It is worth noting that the breakage and deformation of metal packaging equipment can easily threaten or even harm the personal safety of the production line workers. Therefore, ensuring the integrity of logistics packaging equipment is also part of production safety.

There are many types of plastic logistics packaging equipment, mainly hollow board packaging equipment (as shown in Figure 3), PC/PP/PE plastic packaging equipment (as shown in Figure 4) and EPP/EPE/EPS foam plastic packaging equipment (such as Figure 5). Hollow plastic packaging equipment is low in cost, hand-formed, and does not require molds. It is currently the most widely used in the automotive industry; PC/PP/PE plastic packaging equipment mainly consists of small plastic turnover boxes, coaming covers and standard trays, of which The cover and the tray are supporting items, but due to the high damage rate of the forklift to the pallet during the loading and unloading process, BMW Brilliance has taken the lead in replacing the plastic pallet with a metal pallet, which greatly reduces the damage rate of the pallet; EPP/EPE/EPS foamed plastic packaging The appliance is mainly for auto parts with special shape and high requirements on appearance.

Figure 3 hollow board plastic packaging equipment

Figure 4 PC/PP/PE plastic packaging equipment

Figure 5 EPP/EPE/EPS foam plastic packaging equipment

2. Classification by structure

Recyclable packaging devices are mainly classified into foldable packaging devices and non-foldable packaging devices according to the structure. The foldable packaging device can be recycled after the goods are transported, and the land transportation method is used to settle the logistics cost by volume and weight. The folding size of the foldable packaging device is only 1/6 to 1/4 of the molding size, which can effectively save space and has obvious advantages in reducing transportation and recycling costs. However, the foldable packaging device generally adopts a disposable inner lining or a folded inner lining, and the product is directly packaged in a plastic bag or a bubble bag, and the cushioning performance is poor, and it is not suitable for the automobile spare parts with low brittleness value and high value. In addition, since the foldable packaging device is prone to deformation during long-distance transportation, the damage rate of the non-foldable packaging device is 30% to 35% higher in repeated folding, so it is necessary to increase the maintenance cost in daily operation and use.

Disposable logistics packaging equipment

Disposable logistics packaging equipment refers to packaging equipment that is sent to the customer together with the product and is not used for centralized recycling. It is mainly used for exporting small-volume auto parts and components of foreign automakers, mainly for small-sized auto parts. Such as automotive lamp lens, PCBA and other electronic components. In addition, for the auto parts that are directly distributed to the matching repair shops such as 4S shops in the form of sales items, disposable logistics packaging equipment is also used. Due to the large amount of recyclable logistics packaging equipment required for long-distance transportation, and limited by recycling and management costs, many long-distance parts and accessories will use disposable logistics packaging equipment to third-party warehouses in transportation, and then re-package in third-party warehouses. The product is loaded into a recyclable logistics packaging device and sent directly from the third-party warehouse to the customer. This type of auto parts supply is mainly used for long-distance land transport and export seaborne air transportation with a distance of more than 500 kilometers.

Disposable logistics packaging equipment mainly includes corrugated boxes and disposable plastic packaging. The size of the corrugated box is generally the size of the standard box to meet the maximum floor area ratio of the tray as the size design basis. If the national standard tray size is 1200mm×1000mm×130mm, the length and width of the standard box outer dimension are the approximate number of the standard tray length (width) (the number of the corrugated box length (width) is placed) minus the gap between the corrugated boxes The size, that is, the remaining space on the tray, allows the corrugated box to be placed on the tray. For example, the outer dimensions of the corrugated box are 585mm×385mm, and five corrugated boxes can be placed on each layer; the outer width of the corrugated box is 585mm×485mm, four corrugated boxes can be placed on each layer, and so on. Generally, for small-sized but heavy-weight auto parts, such as screws and positioning buckles, smaller corrugated boxes will be selected, which can increase the overall compressive strength of corrugated boxes and avoid excessive weight restrictions. Or affect the handling of workers.

At present, the test of automobile spare parts packaging generally only adopts the "road test" method, and the products of 2 to 4 trays are stacked in the truck cargo compartment, and the transportation is carried out at a distance of 300 to 2000 kilometers. Determine if the packaging design meets the shipping requirements. However, in the one-time logistics packaging equipment for auto parts, there is a separate design for the spare parts sales packaging, and all products must have a "1in1" packaging form, that is, there can only be one product in each packaging box, usually EPE is used. Gawa paper folding structure packaging. Such packaging requires high safety performance and requires multiple drop tests. For example, a well-known domestic automobile manufacturer requires all spare parts sales packaging to carry out 32 drop tests of “8 angles, 12 turns, 12 faces” at a height of 1 m. And the built-in products can not be damaged.

Under the leadership of many automobile OEMs, China's auto parts logistics packaging equipment has gradually entered the standardization, combining foreign standards with domestic actual conditions, gradually unifying logistics packaging equipment, standardizing the form of logistics packaging equipment, and integrating and developing. I believe that in the near future, China will be able to make the production cost and logistics cost of auto parts and logistics packaging equipment better, let us wait and see.

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